Sandra Harding: Can Theories be Refuted?

Cover: 9789027706300 | Can Theories be Refuted? | Essays on the Duhem-Quine Thesis | Harding

Rückseite: 9789027706300 | Can Theories be Refuted? | Essays on the Duhem-Quine Thesis | Harding

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Sprache: Englisch

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Beschreibung

According to a view assumed by many scientists and philosophers of science and standardly found in science textbooks, it is controlled ex perience which provides the basis for distinguishing between acceptable and unacceptable theories in science: acceptable theories are those which can pass empirical tests. It has often been thought that a certain sort of test is particularly significant: 'crucial experiments' provide supporting empiri cal evidence for one theory while providing conclusive evidence against another. However, in 1906 Pierre Duhem argued that the falsification of a theory is necessarily ambiguous and therefore that there are no crucial experiments; one can never be sure that it is a given theory rather than auxiliary or background hypotheses which experiment has falsified. w. V. Quine has concurred in this judgment, arguing that "our statements about the external world face the tribunal of sense experience not indi vidually but only as a corporate body". Some philosophers have thought that the Duhem-Quine thesis gra tuitously raises perplexities. Others see it as doubly significant; these philosophers think that it provides a base for criticism of the foundational view of knowledge which has dominated much of western thought since Descartes, and they think that it opens the door to a new and fruitful way to conceive of scientific progress in particular and of the nature and growth of knowledge in general.

Inhaltsverzeichnis

Physical Theory and Experiment.- Two Dogmas of Empiricism.- Empiricist Criteria of Cognitive Significance: Problems and Changes.- Some Fundamental Problems in the Logic of Scientific Discovery.- Background Knowledge and Scientific Growth.- The Duhemian Argument.- A Comment on Grünbaum's Claim.- Scientific Revolutions as Changes of World View.- Grünbaum on 'The Duhemian Argument'.- Quine, Grünbaum, and the Duhemian Thesis.- Duhem, Quine and Grünbaum on Falsification.- Duhem, Quine and a New Empiricism.- Falsification and the Methodology of Scientific Research Programmes.- Is it never Possible to Falsify a Hypothesis Irrevocably?.- The Rationality of Science (From'Against Method').- Index of Names.

Erscheinungsjahr:	1975
Fachbereich:	Allgemeines
Genre:	Importe , Philosophie
Jahrhundert:	Antike
Rubrik:	Geisteswissenschaften
Thema:	Lexika
Medium:	Taschenbuch
Inhalt:	xxi 323 S.
ISBN-13:	9789027706300
ISBN-10:	9027706301
Sprache:	Englisch
Einband:	Kartoniert / Broschiert
Redaktion:	Harding, Sandra
Herausgeber:	Sandra Harding
Hersteller:	Springer Netherland Springer Netherlands
Verantwortliche Person für die EU:	Springer Verlag GmbH, Tiergartenstr. 17, D-69121 Heidelberg, juergen.hartmann@springer.com
Maße:	235 x 155 x 19 mm
Von/Mit:	Sandra Harding
Erscheinungsdatum:	31.12.1975
Gewicht:	0,528 kg

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