Dr Benjamin James is the Chief of General Surgery at Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and is an Associate Professor of Surgery at Harvard Medical School. Dr. James received his M.D. from Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine in 2008. He completed his general surgery residency at Penn State Hershey Medical Center (Alpha Omega Alpha) and served as the administrative chief resident in his final year of training (2013). He then completed an endocrine surgery fellowship at the University of Chicago (2014). Following this, he obtained a Masters in Public Health Sciences at the University of Chicago and completed an Endocrine Surgery Research Fellowship (2015). He is Board-certified in Surgery. Dr. James is an endocrine surgeon with extensive knowledge in endocrine surgery. He has made scientific contributions in healthcare expansion impact on endocrine surgery, quality of life in thyroid cancer survivors, financial toxicity in thyroid cancer survivors, minimally-invasive parathyroidectomy, intraoperative PTH monitoring, pediatric thyroid cancer and has authored multiple book chapters in endocrine surgery. His research has been funded by the American College of Surgeons, American Association of Endocrine Surgeons and the American Society of Transplantation. He is a Councilor for the American Association of Endocrine Surgeons.

Dr Raymon H. Grogan is a board certified surgeon specializing in Endocrine Surgery for the Houston and surrounding area (Bryan-College Station, Austin, San Antonio, Corpus Christi and Beaumont). He has helped co-author several national guidelines in the area of endocrine surgery and is a well-respected surgeon nationally internationally. In addition to having expertise in the traditional surgical approaches to thyroid, parathyroid, adrenal, and endocrine pancreas diseases Dr. Grogan is a pioneer of techniques for operating on the thyroid and parathyroid. He is one of only a few experts in the United States on Transoral Endocrine Surgery (TES), a novel approach to surgery for both thyroid and parathyroid disease that leaves no visible scar on the neck. Dr. Grogan was one of the first surgeons to perform this operation in the United States, and the first surgeon to perform this operation in Chicago, the Midwest, and Texas. He is also an expert in other forms of minimally invasive thyroid, parathyroid and adrenal surgery. In addition to being a full-time clinical surgeon, Dr. Grogan also runs a well-known translational research program. He has a Master of Science with a focus on epidemiology and biostatistics. He is the Principal Investigator and founder of the North American Thyroid Cancer Survivorship Study, which is a longitudinal cohort study that currently has nearly 3,000 participants enrolled and continues to expand. Through this work Dr. Grogan has published several novel findings related to thyroid cancer survivorship and has helped start a national discussion on ways to improve quality of life in these patients. Inaddition to this Dr. Grogan has published several papers on health outcomes related to endocrine surgery as well as translational papers on the genetics and epidemiology of endocrine diseases. Most recently Dr. Grogan has begun research on the relationship between the human microbiome and thyroid disease. In 2017 he was awarded the prestigious Paul LoGerfo Research Grant from the American Association of Endocrine Surgeons to study this relationship.

Peter Angelos, MD, PhD, FACS, MAMSE is the Linda Kohler Anderson Professor of Surgery and Surgical Ethics, Chief of Endocrine

Introductory Materials.- Evidence-Based Medicine and the GRADE Approach.- Clinical Decision Analysis.- Decision making for surgical intervention in thyroid cancer.- Involving Patients in Difficult Decisions About Having Surgery.- Thyroid.- Familial Nonmedullary Thyroid Carcinoma: Definition, Genetics and Screening Challenges.- Operative management versus observation for thyroid nodules >4 cm with benign cytology.- Primary Repair Versus No Repair for Transected Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve.- Surgery Versus Active Surveillance for Papillary Thyroid Microcarcinoma.- Targeted Therapies in Conjunction with Surgery for Aggressive Thyroid Cancers.- Same-Day Versus Overnight Inpatient Surgery for Total Thyroidectomy.- Prophylactic Versus Selective Central Neck Dissection in Pediatric Papillary Thyroid Cancer.- Can surgery be safely delayed for low-risk papillary thyroid cancer?.- Can genetic testing be used to guide the extent of initial surgical intervention for papillary thyroid cancer?.- Quality of life in thyroid lobectomy versus total thyroidectomy.- Thyroid tissue in lymph nodes: Lateral aberrant thyroid versus metastatic thyroid carcinoma?.- Continued surveillance vs no surveillance after resection of NIFTP.- Thermal Ablation of Thyroid Neoplasms.- Lobectomy Versus Total Thyroidectomy For Low-Risk Pediatric Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma.- Parathyroid.- Four Gland Exploration versus Four Dimensional Computed Tomography in Patients with Nonlocalized Primary Hyperparathyroidism.- Is intraoperative parathyroid hormone (IOPTH) monitoring necessary in the setting of evolving imaging?.- Lymph Node Dissection versus No Lymph Node Dissection for Parathyroid Cancer.- Early Versus Late Parathyroidectomy for Tertiary (Posttransplant) Hyperparathyroidism.- Observation versus Surgery for Pregnant Patients with Primary Hyperparathyroidism.- "Normocalcemic Hyperparathyroidism: Surgical Intervention vs Continued Observation".- Adrenal.- Lateral Transabdominal Adrenalectomy versus Posterior Retroperitoneal Adrenalectomy.- Bilateral Adrenalectomy Versus Medical Management for Cushing s Syndrome with Bilateral Adrenal Hyperplasia.- Routine versus Selective Screening for Primary Aldosteronism in Patients with Hypertension.- Optimal Preoperative Management for Pheochromocytoma.- Post-Delivery vs Immediate Resection of Pheochromocytoma During Pregnancy.- Diagnosis, Management, and Outcomes of Metastases to the Adrenal Gland.- Pancreas.- Surgery Versus Observation for Asymptomatic Nonfunctioning Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumors.- Medical management vs surgical exploration for non-localized insulinomas.- Resection of Primary Tumor versus Observation in Metastatic Small Bowel Neuroendocrine Tumor with Unresectable Distant Disease.- Resection Versus Observation in Patients with Gastrinoma and MEN-1.- Routine Octreotide Versus No Octreotide for Metastatic Neuroendocrine Tumors with Intraoperative Carcinoid Crisis.