Marzena ¿akowska is an assistant professor and lecturer at the National Security Faculty of the War Studies University, Warsaw, Poland. She has published extensively on armed conflicts, hybrid threats, mediation, security in the Western Balkans, and social security issues.

David Last has been teaching at the Royal Military College of Canada and the Canadian Forces College since 1999. He has authored or edited eight books and over 80 articles and chapters on peacekeeping, conflict management, professional military education, and special operations.

Introduction: Modern War, Grey Zones, and Security, Marzena ¿akowska & David Last Introduction to Design Thinking, Archipelago of Design (AoD) SECTION I: MODERN WAR AND GREY ZONES 1: Conflicts in the Grey Zone: from Total War to War Nexus, André Simonyi 2: Environmental Insecurity and Modern Conflict, Duraid Jalili 3: Space and the Grey Zone, Pedro Miguel da Silva Costa 4: Cybersecurity in Military Systems: Risk and Mitigation, Suzana Lampreia, Victor Lobo, Valter Vairinhos 5: Markets and Grey Zone Wars, David Last 6: Violent Nonstate Actors in the Modern Conflict Environment, Tarik Solmaz Design Problem 1: Problem Finding with Divergent Thinking - Horizon Scanning and Weak Signals, Archipelago of Design (AoD) SECTION II: POLICY, STRATEGY, OPERATIONS, AND TACTICS 7: From Policy to Strategy and Tactics for the Grey Zone and Modern Wars, Jeffrey V. Gardner, Marzena ¿akowska, David Last 8: Crisis Management in the Grey Zone, Ilkka Tikanmäki & Harri Ruoslahti 9: All-Hazards Intelligence in the Grey Zone and Modern War, David Last, Urszula Jäkiewicz 10: Logistics Cooperation for Modern War, Per Skoglund Design Problem 2: Problem Finding with Convergent Thinking and the Rich Picture, Archipelago of Design (AoD) SECTION III: DETERRING AND MANAGING VIOLENCE 11: International Organizations to Manage Modern War and Grey Zones, Marzena ¿akowska, David Last 12: Deterrence and Alignment for Modern Wars and the Grey Zone, Hajdi Xhixha, Arian Kadriu, David Last 13: Cyberspace Operations, Grey Zone Conflict, and Small States, Mikkel S. Jensen 14: Information War, Lawfare, and Balance of Power, Eryk Habowski, David Last Design Problem 3: Exploring Solutions with Divergent Thinking and Causal Loops, Archipelago of Design (AoD) SECTION IV: SOCIETY AND PEOPLE 15: Defending the State in Grey Zone Conflicts and Modern War, Waldemar Kitler, Malwina Ko¿odziejczak, David Last 16: Social Cohesion and Grey Zone Conflict, Danuta Kazmierczak & Miros¿aw Laskowski 17: Social Organization and Strengthening the State, Jowita Brudnicka, Marzena ¿akowska, David Last Design Problem 4: Solution Evaluation with Convergent Thinking and Empathy Mapping, Archipelago of Design (AoD) Conclusion: Professional Military Education, Modern War, and Grey Zones, David Last & Marzena ¿akowska Appendix: Tabular Summary of Grey Zone Threats