About the Editors ix

Contributors x

Preface xiv

About the Companion Website xvii

Part I Foundational Approaches to Prenatal and Postnatal Care 1

1 Health Equity 3
Noelene K. Jeffers and Karen Trister Grace

2 Ethics in Perinatal Care 22
Mary Broderick Donnelly

3 Reproductive Tract Structure and Function 29
LuVerda Sayles Martin

4 Conception, Implantation, and Embryonic and Fetal Development 42
LuVerda Sayles Martin

5 Physiologic Alterations during Pregnancy 55
Ella T. Heitzler

6 Physiologic Alterations during the Postnatal Period 69
Cindy L. Farley and Tanya Tringali

Part II Preconception, Prenatal Care, and Postnatal Care 77

7 Preconception and Interconception Care 79
Cynthia Nypaver

8 Prenatal Care: Goals, Structure, and Components 101
Emma Clark

9 Nutrition during Pregnancy 122
Rhea Williams

10 Pregnancy Diagnosis and Gestational Age Assessment 147
Joyce D. Cappiello and Janet L. Engstrom

11 Risk Assessment during Pregnancy 171
Robin G. Jordan

12 Prenatal Ultrasound 183
Jenna Shaw-Battista

13 Genetic Counseling, Screening, and Diagnosis 197
Aishwarya Arjunan and Susan Hancock

14 Assessment of Fetal Well-Being 215
Jenifer Fahey

15 Common Discomforts of Pregnancy 233
Robin G. Jordan and Anne Z. Cockerham

16 Oral Health 263
Julia Lange-Kessler

17 Medication Use during Pregnancy 270
Katie McDevitt

18 Substance Use during Pregnancy 289
Signy Toquinto

19 Culture and Community 321
Cindy L. Farley and Raven Fulton

20 Physical Activity and Exercise in the Perinatal Period 329
Meghan Garland and Tanya Tringali

21 Sexuality 346
Jenna Benyounes and Tanya Tringali

22 Occupational and Environmental Health in Pregnancy 355
Katie Huffling

23 Psychosocial Adaptations in Pregnancy 373
Cindy L. Farley

24 Health Education during Pregnancy 390
Kathlyn Albert, Lisa Hanson, and Emily Malloy

25 Preconception, Pregnancy, and Postpartum Care of LGBTQ+ Individuals 403
Signey Olson and Katie DePalma

26 Violence and Trauma in the Perinatal Period 418
Karen Trister Grace

27 Planning for Physiologic Birth 427
Carrie E. Neerland and Melissa D. Avery

28 Triage during Pregnancy 435
Catherine Ruhl

29 Assessment and Care at the Onset of Labor 443
Amy Marowitz

30 Components of Postnatal Care 450
Tia P. Andrighetti and Judith M. Butler

31 Lactation and Breastfeeding 470
Marsha Walker

32 Contraception in the Postnatal Period 499
Katie Daily

Part III Complex Prenatal and Postnatal Conditions 517

33 Bleeding during Pregnancy 519
Sascha James-Conterelli

34 Amniotic Fluid and Fetal Growth Disorders 535
Victoria H. Burslem and Cindy L. Farley

35 Spontaneous Preterm Birth 550
Esther Ellsworth Bowers

36 Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy 564
Melissa Kitzman

37 Gestational Diabetes Mellitus 579
Kimberly K. Trout

38 Multifetal Gestation 592
Heather M. Bradford

39 Postterm Pregnancy 600
Heather M. Bradford

40 Hyperemesis Gravidarum 606
Ella T. Heitzler and Jennifer Wolfe

41 Abdominal Pain 611
Karen Trister Grace

42 Pregnancy after Infertility 616
Melicia Escobar and Ebony Marcelle

43 Common Complications during the Postnatal Period 626
Deborah Brandt Karsnitz and Linda McDaniel

44 Common Lactation and Breastfeeding Problems 645
Marsha Walker

45 Perinatal Loss and Grief 668
Robin G. Jordan