In this book, readers learn everything they need to know about old fruit varieties. The introductory chapters include an explanation of the long development from wild fruits to the cultivated varieties we know today. The use and value of old varieties in modern times are described, while measures are put forward for their preservation. In the discussion of the varieties that follows, information is given on their origins, descent, age, current synonyms, distributions and main uses of the fruits, together with a general evaluation and detailed description of each variety. The typical characteristics of both the fruits and trees are given. Almost 150 apple and 90 pear varieties are described, together with plums and cherries. Many of the varieties presented in the book have been described here in detail for the first time.

Our lakes, rivers and streams and their fauna have changed dramatically over the past century. Many species have disappeared as a consequence of environmental pollution, and new, often unwanted species have been introduced through waterway construction measures. Owing to progressive conservation efforts, however, many species that were presumed lost have been able to recover. In both text and pictures, this book describes more than 280 native invertebrate species that live in garden ponds, pools, lakes, streams and rivers. Not just the commonly occurring species are presented, however. Rare, particularly interesting, frequently overlooked and newly immigrated species are also described in detail.