Acknowledgments. Abbreviations. Notes on Contributors. Illustrations. Introduction (Mark W. Chavalas). 1. Sumerian Early Dynastic Royal Inscriptions (Glenn Magid). 2. Old Akkadian Period Texts (Benjamin Studevent-Hickman and Christopher Morgan). 3. Late Third Millennium BCE Sumerian Texts (Richard Averbeck, Benjamin Studevent-Hickman, and Piotr Michalowski). 4. Old Babylonian Period Inscriptions (Frans van Koppen). 5. Miscellaneous Old Babylonian Period Documents (Frans van Koppen). 6. Late Bronze Age Inscriptions from Babylon, Assyria, and Syro-Palestine (Frans von Koppen, Kyle Greenwood, Christopher Morgan, Brent A. Strawn, Jeff Cooley, Bill T. Arnold, Eva von Dassow, and Yoram Cohen). 7. Correspondence from El-Amarna in Egypt (Eva von Dassow and Kyle Greenwood). 8. Hittite Historical Texts I (Gary Beckman, Petra Goedegebuure, Joost Hazenbos, and Yoram Cohen). 9. Hittite Historical Texts II (Kathleen R. Mineck, Theo van den Hout, and Harry A. Hoffner, Jr.). 10. Neo-Assyrian and Syro-Palestinian Texts I (Sarah C. Melville, Brent A. Strawn, Brian B. Schmidt, and Scott Noegel). 11. Neo-Assyrian and Syro-Palestinian Texts II (Brent A. Strawn, Sarah C. Melville, Kyle Greenwood, and Scott Noegel). 12. Neo-Babylonian Period Texts from Babylonia and Syro-Palestine (Benjamin Studevent-Hickman, Sarah C. Melville, and Scott Noegel). 13. Achaemenid Period Historical Texts Concerning Mesopotamia (Bill T. Arnold and Piotr Michalowski). Indexes.